Gene Editing Decimates Tumors in Mice

CRISPR Breakthrough at Tel Aviv University

Researchers at Tel Aviv University (TAU) have achieved a significant breakthrough in cancer treatment. Their study demonstrates the successful elimination of 50% of head and neck tumors in mice using CRISPR gene editing technology.

Led by Dr. Razan Masarwy and Prof. Dan Peer, this innovative approach involves direct injections that precisely target cancer at the genetic level. This research, published in Advanced Science, builds on Peer’s previous work in precision nanomedicine.

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Targeting the SOX2 Gene

Head and neck cancers, often originating in the tongue, throat, or neck, can metastasize if not treated early. Current therapies often face challenges, leading to high treatment failure and recurrence.

The team focused on the SOX2 gene, crucial for cell development in embryos but suppressed in healthy adult cells. In cancer cells, especially in head and neck tumors, SOX2 reactivates. By targeting this gene, researchers aimed to disrupt the cancer cells’ survival.

CRISPR: Molecular Scissors in Action

CRISPR, a technology that earned Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020, allows scientists to edit the DNA of organisms. This method uses an enzyme called Cas, guided by short DNA sequences, to cut and disable specific genes, acting as “molecular scissors.”

To deliver CRISPR effectively, the team encapsulated it in lipid nanoparticles, injecting these directly into the tumors in mice. After three injections, a significant 90% shrinkage of tumors was observed, with 50% disappearing completely within 84 days.

Future Clinical Trials

The next phase involves testing this therapy on other tumor types in mice before progressing to human trials. Prof. Peer expressed optimism, estimating that clinical trials could begin in two to three years.

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Science Without Borders

Prof. Peer has presented his research globally, emphasizing that science and medicine transcend political boundaries.

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